Journal: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

Article Title: Biphasic bone substitutes coated with PLGA incorporating therapeutic ions Sr 2+ and Mg 2+ : cytotoxicity cascade and in vivo response of immune and bone regeneration

doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1408702

Figure Lengend Snippet: An overview of the implantation areas in all study groups at day 10 post-implantation and the tissue reactions to the BBS granules. BBS = granules of the biphasic bone substitute, LB = local bone, CT = connective tissue, red stars = newly formed bone matrix, red arrows = blood vessels, white arrows = new material-related bone, black arrows = macrophages, yellow arrowheads = multinucleated giant cells, blue arrows = osteoblasts (Movat Pentachrome-stainings, (A1–C1) , ×100 magnification, scale bar = 50 μm; (A2–C2) , ×200 magnification, scale bar = 20 µm).

Article Snippet: Primary normal human osteoblasts (NHOst; Lonza) were cultured in OGM (OBM supplemented with OGM Single Quots; Lonza) and grown as monolayer cultures in T75 flasks (Greiner Bio-One).

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

Article Title: Biphasic bone substitutes coated with PLGA incorporating therapeutic ions Sr 2+ and Mg 2+ : cytotoxicity cascade and in vivo response of immune and bone regeneration

doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1408702

Figure Lengend Snippet: An overview of the implantation areas in all study groups at day 30 post implantation and the tissue reactions to the bone substitute granules. BBS = granules of the biphasic bone substitute, LB = local bone, CT = connective tissue, red stars = newly formed bone matrix, red arrows = blood vessels, black arrows = macrophages, yellow arrowheads = multinucleated giant cells, blue arrows = osteoblasts (Movat Pentachrome-stainings, (A1–C1) , ×100 magnification, scale bar = 50 μm; (A2–C2) , ×200 magnification, scale bar = 20 µm).

Article Snippet: Primary normal human osteoblasts (NHOst; Lonza) were cultured in OGM (OBM supplemented with OGM Single Quots; Lonza) and grown as monolayer cultures in T75 flasks (Greiner Bio-One).

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

Article Title: Biphasic bone substitutes coated with PLGA incorporating therapeutic ions Sr 2+ and Mg 2+ : cytotoxicity cascade and in vivo response of immune and bone regeneration

doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1408702

Figure Lengend Snippet: An overview of the implantation areas in all groups at day 90 post implantation and the tissue reaction to the bone substitutes granules. BBS = granules of the biphasic bone substitute, LB = local bone, CT = connective tissue, red stars = newly formed bone matrix, red arrows = blood vessels, black arrows = macrophages, yellow arrowheads = multinucleated giant cells, blue arrows = osteoblasts (Movat Pentachrome-stainings, (A1–C1) , ×100 magnification, scale bar = 50 μm; (A2–C2) , ×200 magnification, scale bar = 20 µm).

Article Snippet: Primary normal human osteoblasts (NHOst; Lonza) were cultured in OGM (OBM supplemented with OGM Single Quots; Lonza) and grown as monolayer cultures in T75 flasks (Greiner Bio-One).

Techniques:

Journal: Biomedicines

Article Title: Enhancement of Osteoblast Function through Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Adipose-Derived Stem Cells

doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10071752

Figure Lengend Snippet: ADSC-EV uptake by osteoblasts. The hFOBs ( A ) and hOBs ( B ) were treated with CM-DiI-labeled ADSC-EVs at concentrations of 0 (Control: control group) or 1 × 10 9 particles/mL (EVs: EV group) for 5 days, and images at days 1 and 5 were obtained using a camera under confocal microscopy. Cell nucleus, blue fluorescence stain; cytoplasm, green fluorescence stain; and CM-DiI-labeled ADSC-EVs, red fluorescence stain.

Article Snippet: The human nontumor osteoblast (hFOB) cell line (hFOB 1.19, ATCC CRL-1137, Manassas, VA, USA) [ ] and primary normal human osteoblasts (hOBs; Clonetic; Lonza, Basel, Switzerland) were used in the present study.

Techniques: Labeling, Control, Confocal Microscopy, Fluorescence, Staining

Journal: Biomedicines

Article Title: Enhancement of Osteoblast Function through Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Adipose-Derived Stem Cells

doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10071752

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of ADSC-EVs on the survival of osteoblasts. The hFOBs ( A ) and hOBs ( B ) were treated with ADSC-EVs at concentrations of 0 (Control: control group) or 10 9 particles/mL (EVs: EV group) for 5 days and analyzed for survival. Live/dead cell assays were performed for hFOBs and hOBs to determine the cell survival on days 1 and 5. Green fluorescence indicates live cells (Live), whereas red fluorescence indicates dead cells (Dead). The hFOBs and hOBs remained alive on days 1 and 5 after the ADSC-EV treatment.

Article Snippet: The human nontumor osteoblast (hFOB) cell line (hFOB 1.19, ATCC CRL-1137, Manassas, VA, USA) [ ] and primary normal human osteoblasts (hOBs; Clonetic; Lonza, Basel, Switzerland) were used in the present study.

Techniques: Control, Fluorescence

Journal: Biomedicines

Article Title: Enhancement of Osteoblast Function through Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Adipose-Derived Stem Cells

doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10071752

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of ADSC-EVs on the proliferation of osteoblasts. The hFOBs ( A ) and hOBs ( B ) were treated with ADSC-EVs at concentrations of 0 (Control: control group) or 1 × 10 7 –1 × 10 9 particles/mL (EVs: EV group) for 5 days and analyzed for cell proliferation. MTS assays were performed for hFOBs and hOBs on day 5 to determine the cell proliferation. Cell proliferation of hFOBs and hOBs was enhanced after the ADSC-EV treatment. Data are presented as the mean ± SD ( n = 6). * p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01 for comparisons with the control group. # p < 0.05 and ## p < 0.01 for comparisons between the two groups.

Article Snippet: The human nontumor osteoblast (hFOB) cell line (hFOB 1.19, ATCC CRL-1137, Manassas, VA, USA) [ ] and primary normal human osteoblasts (hOBs; Clonetic; Lonza, Basel, Switzerland) were used in the present study.

Techniques: Control

Journal: Biomedicines

Article Title: Enhancement of Osteoblast Function through Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Adipose-Derived Stem Cells

doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10071752

Figure Lengend Snippet: ADSC-EVs promoted osteogenic marker gene expression in osteoblasts. The hFOBs ( A ) and hOBs ( B ) were treated with ADSC-EVs at concentrations of 0 (Control: control group) or 10 9 particles/mL (EVs: EV group) for 5 days. The mRNA expression levels of the osteogenic marker genes (runt-related transcription factor 2 ( Runx2 ), osteocalcin ( OC ), collagen type I ( Col-I ), and alkaline phosphatase ( ALP )) of hFOBs and hOBs were measured. Gene expression levels are expressed relative to the control group, which is defined as 1. Data are presented as the mean ± SD ( n = 3). * p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01 for comparisons with the control group.

Article Snippet: The human nontumor osteoblast (hFOB) cell line (hFOB 1.19, ATCC CRL-1137, Manassas, VA, USA) [ ] and primary normal human osteoblasts (hOBs; Clonetic; Lonza, Basel, Switzerland) were used in the present study.

Techniques: Marker, Gene Expression, Control, Expressing

Journal: Biomedicines

Article Title: Enhancement of Osteoblast Function through Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Adipose-Derived Stem Cells

doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10071752

Figure Lengend Snippet: ADSC-EVs promote ALP activity, calcium deposition, and collagen type I ( Col-I ) synthesis in osteoblasts. The hFOBs ( A ) and hOBs ( B ) were treated with ADSC-EVs at concentrations of 0 (Control: control group) or 1 × 10 9 particles/mL (EVs: EV group) for 12 days and analyzed through von Kossa staining, Alizarin red S staining and quantification, and ELISA for ALP activity and Col-I synthesis. Data are presented as the mean ± SD ( n = 3). * p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01 for comparisons with the control group.

Article Snippet: The human nontumor osteoblast (hFOB) cell line (hFOB 1.19, ATCC CRL-1137, Manassas, VA, USA) [ ] and primary normal human osteoblasts (hOBs; Clonetic; Lonza, Basel, Switzerland) were used in the present study.

Techniques: Activity Assay, Control, Staining, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay